Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva kuti nhanho mbiri dze compressor dzakakodzera kugadzirwa kwakanyanya, uye yekutanga nhanho yakakodzera kugadzirwa kukuru kwegasi. Dzimwe nguva, zvinodikanwa kuita anopfuura maviri compressions. Sei uchida graded compression?
Apo kushandiswa kwekushanda kwegasi kunodiwa kuti kuve kwakakwirira, kushandiswa kwe-single-stage compression hakusi kungoita mari, asi dzimwe nguva kunyange hazvigoneki, uye kusungirirwa kwematanho akawanda kunofanira kushandiswa. Multi-stage compression ndeyekutanga gasi kubva mukufemerwa, uye mushure mekuwedzera kwakati wandei kusvika kune inodiwa kushanda kumanikidza.

1. Chengetedza kushandiswa kwesimba

Nekudzvanywa kwematanho akawanda, inotonhorera inogona kurongeka pakati pematanho, kuitira kuti gasi rakamanikidzwa rinoiswa kune isobaric kutonhora mushure meimwe nhanho yekumanikidza kudzikisa tembiricha, yozopinda muchikamu chinotevera silinda. Iyo tembiricha inodzikiswa uye density inowedzerwa, kuitira kuti zvive nyore kuenderera mberi compress, izvo zvinogona kuchengetedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwesimba kana zvichienzaniswa nekamwe-nguva compression. Naizvozvo, pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakafanana, nzvimbo yebasa ye-multi-stage compression ishoma pane iyo yekumanikidza imwe-nhanho. Iyo yakawanda nhamba yematanho, iyo inowedzera simba rekushandisa uye iri padyo neiyo isothermal compression.
Ongorora: Iyo mhepo compressor yemafuta-yakajairwa screw air compressor iri padyo zvakanyanya kune inogara tembiricha maitiro. Kana iwe ukaramba uchimanikidza uye ukaramba uchitonhora mushure mekusvika kune yakazara mamiriro, mvura yakapfupikiswa inonaya. Kana iyo mvura yakanyungudutswa ikapinda mu-oiri-yemhepo separator (tangi yemafuta) pamwe nemhepo yakamanikidzwa, inoisa emulsify kutonhora kwemafuta uye kukanganisa iyo lubrication maitiro. Nekuwedzera kunoramba kuchiwedzera kwemvura yakanyungudutswa, huwandu hwemafuta hucharamba huchikwira, uye pakupedzisira mafuta ekutonhora achapinda muhurongwa pamwe nemhepo yakamanikidzwa, kusvibisa mweya wakamanikidzwa uye kukonzera migumisiro yakakomba kuhurongwa.
Nokudaro, kuitira kudzivirira kuberekwa kwemvura yakanyungudutswa, tembiricha mukamuri yekumanikidza haigone kuve yakaderera uye inofanira kunge yakakwira kupfuura tembiricha yekumisikidza. Semuenzaniso, air compressor ine exhaust pressure ye11 bar (A) ine condensing tembiricha ye68 °C. Kana tembiricha yemukamuri yekumanikidza yakadzikira kupfuura 68 ° C, mvura yakapfupikiswa inonaya. Naizvozvo, tembiricha yekupedza yemafuta-injerwa screw air compressor haigone kuve yakaderera zvakanyanya, ndiko kuti, kushandiswa kweiyo isothermal compression mumafuta-injected screw air compressor inogumira nekuda kwedambudziko remvura yakanyungudutswa.

2. Kuvandudza kushandiswa kwevhoriyamu

Nekuda kwezvikonzero zvitatu zvekugadzira, kuisirwa uye kushanda, iyo clearance vhoriyamu mucylinder inogara isingadzivisike, uye vhoriyamu yemvumo haingodzikisi zvakananga huwandu hunoshanda hwecylinder, asi zvakare yakasara yakakwira yekumanikidza gasi inofanirwa kuwedzerwa kune yekusveta kumanikidza. , iyo cylinder inogona kutanga kufema gasi mutsva, iyo yakaenzana nekuwedzera kuderedza huwandu hunobudirira hwehumburumbira.
Hazvisi zvakaoma kunzwisisa kuti kana chiyero chekumanikidzika chiri chikuru, gasi rinosara muhuwandu hwekuregererwa huchawedzera nokukurumidza, uye vhoriyamu inoshanda ye cylinder ichava duku. Muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa, kunyange mushure mokunge gasi muhuwandu hwekuregererwa rakawedzerwa zvakakwana muhumburumbira, kudzvinyirira kuchiri kusati kwakaderera kudarika kudzvinyirira. Panguva ino, kusveta uye kupera hakugone kuenderera mberi, uye vhoriyamu inoshanda yecylinder inova zero. Kana kudzvanywa kwematanho akawanda kuchishandiswa, chiyero chekumanikidza chechikamu chimwe nechimwe idiki kwazvo, uye gasi rinosara muvhoriyamu yekubvisa rinowedzera zvishoma kusvika pakusveta kudzvanywa, izvo zvinowanzowedzera huwandu hunoshanda hwecylinder, nekudaro kuvandudza mwero wekushandisa. iyo cylinder volume.

3. Deredza kupisa kwemhepo

Iyo tembiricha yekubuda gasi ye compressor inowedzera nekuwedzera kweiyo compression ratio. Iyo yakakwirira yekumanikidza reshiyo, iyo inokwirisa tembiricha yekubuda gasi, asi yakanyanya kupisa gasi tembiricha haibvumidzwe. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti: mune mafuta-yakazora compressor, tembiricha yemafuta ekuzora inoderedza viscosity uye kuwedzera kupfeka. Kana tembiricha yakwira zvakanyanya, zviri nyore kugadzira madhipoziti ekabhoni mucylinder uye pavharuvhu, kuwedzera kupfeka, uye kunyange kuputika. Nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, tembiricha yekupedza ishoma, saka kudzvanya kwematanho akawanda kunofanirwa kushandiswa kudzikisa tembiricha yekubuda.
Ongorora: Staged compression inogona kuderedza tembiricha yekupedza ye screw air compressor, uye panguva imwecheteyo, inogona zvakare kuita iyo yekupisa yemhepo compressor iri padyo neanogara achitsikirira tembiricha sezvinobvira kuti uwane mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza simba, asi. hazvina mhedziso. Kunyanya kuoiri-yakajairwa screw air compressors ine exhaust pressure ye13 bar kana yakaderera, nekuda kweiyo yakaderera-tembiricha yekutonhodza mafuta inoiswa panguva yekumanikidza, iyo compression process yatove pedyo neanogara tembiricha process, uye hapana chikonzero che yechipiri compression. Kana iyo yakatemerwa compression ikaitwa pahwaro hweiyi jekiseni jekiseni kutonhora, chimiro chakaomarara, mutengo wekugadzira unowedzerwa, uye kuyerera kwegasi uye nekuwedzera simba rekushandisa kunowedzerwa, zvinova zvishoma kurasikirwa. . Uye zvakare, kana tembiricha yakadzikira, kuumbwa kwemvura yakanyungudutswa panguva yekutsikirira kunotungamira mukuipa kwehurongwa hwehurongwa, zvichikonzera mhedzisiro yakakomba.

4. Deredza simba regesi rinoshanda papiston tsvimbo

Pamusoro pepiston compressor, kana iyo compression reshiyo yakakwira uye imwe-nhanho compression inoshandiswa, silinda dhayamita yakakura, uye yakakwirira yekupedzisira gasi kumanikidza kunobata panzvimbo hombe yepiston, uye gasi papiston yakakura. Kana iyo yakawanda-nhanho compression yakagamuchirwa, simba regesi rinoshanda papiston rinogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya, saka zvinogoneka kuita kuti michina ireruke uye kuvandudza mashandiro emagetsi.
Ehe, multi-stage compression haisi iyo yakanyanya kunaka. Nokuti iyo yakawanda nhamba yematanho, iyo yakanyanya kuoma chimiro che compressor, kuwedzera kwehukuru, uremu uye mutengo; kuwedzera kwekufamba kwegasi, kuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa kwekurasikirwa kwevhavha yegesi uye manejimendi, nezvimwewo, saka dzimwe nguva kuwanda kwematanho, kuderera kwehupfumi, kuwedzera kuwanda kwematanho. Nezvimwe zvikamu zvinofamba, mukana wekukundikana uchawedzerawo. Mechanical performance ichadzikiswa zvakare nekuda kwekuwedzera friction.